Introduction: definition, scope and importance of the hydrological cycle on a global and local scale World water balance, Info on Groundwater. Precipitation:introduction, formation of precipitation, types of precipitation, measurement by gauges, radar and satellite, rainfall variations in space and time, area estimates, extreme values.Evaporation: definitions, physics of evaporation. Actual and potential evaporation. Interception. Methods of measurement. Methods of calculation (e.g. Penman, Bowen ratio). Soil moisture: introduction, characterisation of soils. Physics of water movement in soils. Infiltration and percolation. Runoff and River Flows: streamflow generation; flow measurement. Effect of human interventions on hydrological regimes: introduction, effect of human interventions on hydrological regimes. Links between atmosphere, oceans and the hydrological cycle on land. Climate and Weather Models: water budget modeling for climate and weather simulation.catchment modeling: simulating river flows from rainfall and evaporation.
The main aim of this module is give to students some selected mathematical topics topics already discussed in the lectures Mathematics at undergraduate level that are shortly recapitulated and most importantly applied to practical problems. If necessary, new mathematical concepts and methods will be introduced in order to solve challenging and inspiring problems from practice. These selected topics will include Differential equations (both ordinary and partial and their numerical solutions), numerical linear algebra and Statistics. The learning process will focus on practice (Computer lab).
The module covers basic thermodynamics and discusses applications to phase transitions, moist processes, vertical structure of the atmosphere, cloud formation, precipitation processes, storms; importance of aerosols and clouds for climate; measurements of clouds (radar and satellites) and radiative transfer.
Welcome to the course of HWC6364 Watershed modeling.
Instructor's details:
Prof. Umaru Garba WALI
g.umaru@ur.ac.rw
+250788877174
Aims of the module:
This is a practical module in which the students learn to
a) Use GIS in hydrological applications,
b) Calibrate and validate models,
c) Apply and interpret semi- and fully- distributed continuous watershed models, and
d) Discuss several modeling case studies.